Description: Segment 1 The narrator explains that research into microbes in the body has been happening since the time of Louis Pasteur. A drawing of an attempt to make an isolation chamber in 1895 is shown. An isolator made in the 1930s and one from the 1940s is shown. Now, plastic film isolators are used. Mice that have been reared in the sterile environment provided by the plastic film isolators are shown. An illustration of a typical isolator is shown, and the narrator explains how isolators work. The construction of an isolator is shown. The University of Surrey is shown. It is using isolators to research the effects of gut microbes on food additives. The narrator explains what happens to medicine as it passes through both a normal gut and one that has been reared in a gnotobiotic environment. Time start: 00:00:00:00 Time end: 00:05:01:08 Length: 00:05:01:08 Segment 2 The physiologies of two chicks, one gnotobiotic and one normal, are compared. The Agriculture and Food Research Council's Institute for Animal Diseases is shown. Isolators are used there for young farm animals and the investigation of the effects of viral infections on the immune system. These studies can then be applied for human conditions. A large isolator in a hospital is shown, with a female patient inside it. The narrator describes other uses for isolators in treating human illnesses. The isolators can also be used to protect people working with carcinogens and dangerous industrial products. Time start: 00:05:01:08 Time end: 00:10:10:24 Length: 00:05:09:16