Description: Segment 1 Mr Sanders introduces the film and discusses the structure of the eye, and how it is vulnerable to lesions resulting in visual loss. He stresses the importance of the opthamologist in diagnosing these conditions. He explains the structure of the eye and how visual information passes into it. He says he will concentrate in this film on the painless causes of visual loss in the retina, the optic disc and the optic nerve. He explains what happens when light enters the eye, and how rods and cones in the retina interpret information. He then describes some ways in which damage to fibres in the eye can result in visual loss, and the way in which the eye is supplied with blood. Time start: 00:00:00:00 Time end: 00:05:53:03 Length: 00:05:53:03 Segment 2 Mr Sanders explains the important principles of ocular examinations, how to give a proper eye test, why the letters on eye test charts are the size they are, and how to work out how good the patient's vision is. He runs through all the main eye tests, including far vision, near vision, the pinhole test, the colour blindness test and also demonstrates the peripheral vision test with a real patient. Time start: 00:05:53:03 Time end: 00:12:06:19 Length: 00:06:13:15 Segment 3 Mr Sanders next explains how to test for lesions, with different sized objects being brought into the vision. He also explains how to test pupillary responses with light tests. Next, how to conduct eye investigations using examination with a Fundus camera and red free photography and Fluorescein photography. The results are shown of a test subject who has had fluorescent dye injected, which then shows up in the veins in the eye. Time start: 00:12:06:19 Time end: 00:18:41:01 Length: 00:06:34:11 Segment 4 Next, how to test for visual evoked responses is demonstrated, with electrodes measuring a patient's visual impulses. Conduction down the optic nerve and the amplitude of impulses are measured. Mr Sanders lists some possible disorders of the optic nerve. He interviews a male patient. The patient lost the top half of the vision in his right eye. Mr Sanders performs eye tests on the subject and then discusses the result of the tests with the aid of large photographs. Time start: 00:18:41:01 Time end: 00:24:06:13 Length: 00:05:25:11 Segment 6 The final patient is interviewed, this one with compression of the optic nerve. Mr Sanders tests the patient and explains the results, which showed the patient had a tumour, since removed by operation. Mr Sanders explains compression of the optic nerve and lists the possible causes and types of tumour associated with it. He concludes the programme by listing the various conditions that can affect the retina and optic nerve, and summarises all the patients' conditions. Time start: 00:29:59:00 Time end: 00:36:13:24 Length: 00:06:14:24